\chapter{Invoking TECO} \label{Invoking TECO} \section{Running TECO} \label{Running TECO} To run TECO with no special options or defaults, use the same command on your operating system that you would use to run any other program. The command is system dependent but is usually something like \smallskip \centerline {{\tt RUN TECO}} Consult the appendix that describes your operating system's characteristics for details. \section{Creating a new file} \label{Creating a new file} As described in Chapter~\ref{Basics of TECO}, most operating systems use the same command to invoke TECO for the purpose of creating a new file: \smallskip \centerline {{\tt MAKE filespec}} \index{files} The {\tt MAKE filespec} command takes as its single argument the file specification for the file to be created. This file specification must conform to the conventions used by your operating system. If a file by that name already exists, TECO will give you a warning message telling you that you are superseding an existing file. The {\tt MAKE} command invokes TECO and performs an effective {\tt EWfilespec} \escape\escape command, as described in Chapter~\ref{Basics of TECO}. \section{Editing an existing file} \label{Editing an existing file} As Chapter~\ref{Basics of TECO} states, most operating systems use the same command to invoke TECO for the purpose of editing an existing file: \smallskip \centerline{{\tt TECO filespec}} \index{filespec} The {\tt TECO filespec} command takes as its argument the file specification for the file to be edited. The file will be opened for input and output, with back-up protection. That means that the system will save the original version of the source file (in case you `blow' the edit). If your operating system supports file version numbers, a new version will be created. If your operating system does not support file version numbers, the original file will be preserved in a file with the same name but with a backup extension ({\tt.BAK}). The {\tt TECO} command invokes TECO and performs an effective {\tt EBfilespec}\escape{\tt Y}\escape\escape command. Note that the first page of the file is brought into memory and that the text buffer pointer is positioned at the start of the file. If, at any time during the edit, you discover that the edit is invalid, slowly (so TECO can respond to them) type enough {\tt }s to get you back to the operating system. You will find that your original file has been preserved. TECO remembers the filespec given in a {\tt MAKE} or {\tt TECO} command. If TECO is invoked with the command {\tt TECO}, with no filespec, it will open the file edited last (i.e., the remembered filespec). \section{Switches on TECO and MAKE commands} \label{Switches on TECO and MAKE commands} \index{switches} The {\tt TECO} and {\tt MAKE} commands can take switches (qualifiers) of the form {\tt /SWITCH}. These switches are described below. \smallskip \centerline{SWITCHES ON COMMAND LINES} \medskip \nopagebreak \begin{tabular}{lll} System & Switch & Meaning \\ \index{{\tt SIZE} switch} RSTS/E & {\tt /SIZE:n} & start with {\tt nK} word editing area. \\ & {\tt /SIZE:+n} & start with {\tt nK} additional words of \\ & & editing area. \\ RSTS/E & & \\ RSX-11 & & \\ \index{{\tt INSPECT} switch} VAX/VMS & {\tt /INSPECT} & Do not create an output file \\ \index{{\tt FIND} switch} & {\tt /FIND} & Initially position to the position \\ & & marker left in the file by the VTEDIT \\ & & macro and delete the marker. \\ \index{{\tt NOCREATE} switch} & {\tt /NOCREATE} & Do not automatically create a new file \\ & & if the file specified by the TECO \\ & & command does not exist. \\ \index{{\tt NOINI} switch} & {\tt /NOINI} & Do not use {\tt TECO.INI} to perform \\ & & initialization. \\ \index{{\tt NOMEMORY} switch} & {\tt /NOMEMORY} & Do not remember the argument to the \\ & & invocation command. \\ \index{{\tt SCROLL} switch} & {\tt /SCROLL} & Automatically enter split screen \\ & & scrolling mode, using $1/4$ of the \\ & & screen's lines as the scrolling area \\ & & (available on VT100 terminals only). \\ \index{{\tt VTEDIT} switch} & {\tt /VTEDIT} & Load VTEDIT video terminal editor. \\ \end{tabular} The /SCROLL switch may take a value of the following form: \begin {tabular}{lll} & {\tt /SCROLL:n} & Enter split screen scrolling mode, using \\ & & {\tt n} lines for the scrolling area. \\ \end {tabular} The /VTEDIT switch may also take values (of the form {\tt :value}). \begin {tabular}{lll} & {\tt /VTEDIT:HOLD} & Start up in hold screen mode \\ & {\tt /VTEDIT:SEEALL} & Start up in SEEALL mode \\ \end {tabular} These values can be combined, viz.: {\tt /VTEDIT:HOLD:SEEALL}. \section{Invoking a TECO program} \label{Invoking a TECO program} All operating systems except TOPS-10 and TOPS-20 use the same command to let you start up execution of a TECO program (macro). This is the {\tt MUNG} command. \index{{\tt MUNG}} The {\tt MUNG} command has the form \smallskip \centerline {{\tt MUNG filespec}} \smallskip where {\tt filespec} is the name of the TECO program that is to be run. If no file extension (file type) is specified, {\tt .TEC} is assumed. This command executes the TECO code that appears within the specified file. It invokes TECO and performs an effective {\tt EIfilespec} \escape \escape command (consult the appendices for operating-system dependent differences). The contents of the specified file should generally end with a double ESCAPE so that execution will start immediately. Another form of this command is \smallskip \centerline {{\tt MUNG filespec,data}} \smallskip where {\tt data} is any string of ASCII characters to be passed to the TECO program. This version of the MUNG command invokes TECO and issues an effective \smallskip \centerline {{\tt Idata} \escape {\tt EIfilespec} \escape\escape} \smallskip command. Under TECO-11, a space, tab, or a slash ({\tt /}) may be used instead of the comma. \section{User Initialization} \index{{\tt TECO.INI}} You can specify initialization commands to TECO by creating a file called {\tt TECO.INI}. If, upon start-up, TECO finds a file called {\tt TECO.INI} in your area, TECO executes the commands in that file. You can use {\tt TECO.INI} commands to set initial values of flags and to tailor TECO to your needs. You must, however, be very careful in constructing code for your {\tt TECO.INI} file: an error in this code may keep TECO from running at all! If you include unusual commands in your initialization file, you would be prudent to surround such commands with the {\tt ?} command. This causes TECO to type the commands out when they are executed (see section \ref{Tracing}). You should also print an informative message on the terminal reminding other users that this version of TECO has been customized. Example 1: \\ \nopagebreak \centerline{{\tt ?1ED?}} \smallskip \index{{\tt ED} flag} The user initialization file sets the ED flag to 1 so that \caret characters in search strings have their traditional meaning (do not convert the next character to a control character). The file also causes the command to be typed out when it is executed. Example 2: \\ \nopagebreak \centerline{{\tt 0,16ED}\caret{\tt A} [Dot preserved on failing searches] \caret{\tt A13}\caret{\tt T10}\caret{\tt T}} \smallskip The user initialization file causes future search string failures to preserve the pointer position. It also prints a message informing all users of this feature. In TECO-11, the {\tt TECO.INI} commands may return a value to the command processor. Such a value, if present, is interpreted as a set of bit encoded flags that control the startup processing. In TECO-11, the {\tt TECO.INI} commands may return a value to the command processor. Such a value, if present, is interpreted as a set of bit encoded flags that control the startup processing. The following bits may be set: \begin {list}{}{\labelsep 20pt} \item [{\tt Value\&1}] Automatically load the VTEDIT macro (as if the user had typed {\tt TECO/VTEDIT}). \item [{\tt Value\&4}] Inhibit use of the memory file (as if the user had typed {\tt TECO/NOMEMORY}). \item [{\tt Value\&16}] Automatically load VTEDIT and start it in SEEALL mode (as if the user had typed {\tt TECO/VTEDIT:SEEALL}). \item [{\tt Value\&32}] Automatically load VTEDIT and start it in HOLDSCREEN mode (as if the user had typed {\tt TECO/VTEDIT:HOLD}). \item [{\tt Value\&128}] Automatically enter split screen scrolling mode (as if the user had typed {\tt TECO/SCROLL}). \item [{\tt Value\&256}] Inhibit automatic creation of the output file if the input file does not exist (as if the user had typed {\tt TECO/NOCREATE}). \end{list} For additional information on initialization, consult the operating system specific appendices.